![]() "The mRNA makes a really good antibody response. The viral vector vaccine is very good at stimulating the production of CD8 T cells. ![]() Gritstone has developed two different vaccines to activate each arm: a viral vector vaccine and an mRNA vaccine. Unlike antibodies, CD8 T cells don't recognize a virus directly, but they do recognize a cell that has been infected by a virus and they can destroy the infected cell. One utilizes antibodies the other relies on something called CD8 T cells. "The natural human response to a virus is to mobilize two distinct arms of the immune system," says Gritstone CEO Andrew Allen. One is a company called Gritstone bio, based in Emeryville, Calif. Some vaccine manufacturers have embraced this approach and are making vaccines of two different types by design. "If you give two different types of vaccine, then you tend to get a better immune response than if you give the same vaccine twice," Fletcher says. Using two different vaccines is a bit like giving the immune system two pictures of the virus, maybe one face-on and one in profile.
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